MRI Magnetic Shielding Design
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Magnetic Shielding for MRI Rooms FAQ
A complete MRI magnetic shielding design package defines the shielding required to control the MRI fringe field and meet site safety and clearance requirements. It typically includes a site-specific design using steel (or other ferromagnetic) shielding, calculations and modeling to predict fringe field performance (often to achieve the required 5-gauss line or other project-defined limits), layout drawings and details, shielding thicknesses and material specs, and coordination notes for structural support and constructability. A full package also accounts for nearby sensitive areas (public corridors, elevators, adjacent imaging rooms), equipment rooms, and any constraints that could affect the final MRI magnet placement and field containment strategy.
Magnetic shielding is determined by evaluating the MRI magnet type and field strength (e.g., 1.5T or 3T), the proposed room location, and what’s around it—above, below, and on all sides. Designers review architectural and structural conditions, adjacent occupancies, and safety requirements, then model the expected fringe field to see where the field levels fall relative to required limits (commonly the 5-gauss boundary, but the project or OEM may specify additional criteria). The amount of shielding needed depends on site constraints: tight footprints, nearby public areas, and sensitive equipment typically require more shielding; open buffer zones usually require less.
The fringe field is the magnetic field that extends beyond the MRI scanner and into the surrounding space. It’s present even when the MRI is not scanning, because the magnet is continuously energized (for most MRI systems).
The 5 gauss line is a commonly referenced boundary used in MRI planning. It indicates where the magnetic field strength drops to 5 gauss (0.5 mT). Many facilities plan layouts to keep the general public outside this line, based on safety guidance and site policies.
No. Some sites naturally contain the fringe field due to distance, layout, structural steel, or location. Shielding is typically needed when the 5 gauss line would extend into:
- Public corridors or waiting rooms
- Neighboring suites (clinics, offices)
- Elevators, stairs, or building entrances
- Areas with sensitive equipment or critical infrastructure
Common approaches include:
- Passive shielding: steel plates/panels added to walls, floor, and/or ceiling
- Active shielding: magnet design features (built into many modern MRI systems) that reduce fringe field
Most projects use active shielding from the scanner plus passive shielding as needed for the building.
Passive shielding commonly uses ferromagnetic steel (often low-carbon steel) in engineered thicknesses and layouts. The exact material, thickness, and placement depend on the MRI model, field strength, and building constraints.
Sometimes, yes—but it’s usually harder and more expensive. Best practice is to model the fringe field during design and build shielding into the room construction plan before installation.
The biggest drivers are:
- MRI field strength (e.g., 1.5T vs 3T)
- Magnet type and built-in (active) shielding
- Room size and proximity to other spaces
- Nearby steel (beams/columns)
- Floor-to-floor conditions and overhead constraints
- What’s above/below/next door (public vs staff-only vs equipment)
